Scanning and Scan Results Best Practices and Troubleshooting

This guide explains how OneTrust scanning works, how scan results are generated, how to interpret common findings, and what to check before troubleshooting or escalating an issue. This guide is designed to help customers understand what OneTrust scans are intended to detect, what limitations can affect scan output, how to analyze scan results, and how to troubleshoot common result discrepancies. Use this guide when reviewing website or mobile app scan output, comparing one scan against another, or deciding whether an unexpected result indicates a product issue, a configuration issue, or expected scanner behavior.

How scans work



What are scans designed to find?

For websites, OneTrust scans are intended to identify cookies, tags, forms, pages, local storage objects, and related services associated with the scanned domain.

For mobile apps, OneTrust scan results focus on SDKs, permissions, and app data types, with additional analysis for Android data collection patterns and Privacy Manifest auditing for supported iOS scans.

How are website scan results generated?

Website scan results are shaped by crawl scope, page accessibility, security controls, authentication configuration, and the conditions under which cookies or trackers are triggered. In general, the scanner behaves like a browser navigating page to page and records technologies detected during the crawl. Results therefore depend on the pages the scanner can actually reach and the technologies that load during that crawl session.

A result should not be interpreted in isolation. Before deciding that a scan is incomplete or inaccurate, review the scanned scope, scan settings, reachable pages, login requirements, and whether the expected technology appears only after a user action or under a specific condition.

What can affect scan coverage?

  • Cookies that appear only after a user action, such as clicking a button, submitting a form, opening a modal, or adding an item to a cart, may not be detected during a standard crawl.

  • Cookies that appear only in a specific browser, country, region, or logged-in experience may not be detected unless the scan configuration matches that condition.

  • Pages that are outside the provided sitemap, outside the target-page list, blocked by authentication, or blocked by security controls will not contribute to scan results.

  • Changes to the website, sitemap, target pages, scan configuration, or safelisting can all change scan output between scans.

Website scanning best practices

Provide a clear scan scope

Provide a sitemap whenever possible. A sitemap improves scan efficiency and helps the scanner discover relevant pages more reliably.

If you know which pages or page types are most important, target those pages or paths directly instead of relying entirely on broad site discovery.

Keep the scan focused

In most cases, it is best to keep the scan focused on the most important pages rather than trying to crawl every possible page on a large site.

As a practical best practice, try to keep scans around 1000 pages when possible, even though the technical limit may be higher.

Use the correct domain strategy

The URL you enter affects scope. Scanning a root domain generally covers the broader domain space, while scanning a specific subdomain such as a www host limits the crawl to that subdomain and its paths. Be intentional about whether you want root-domain coverage or a subdomain-specific scan.

Verify URLs and target pages

Verify that the main URL, sitemap URLs, target pages, and login URLs are correctly formatted and use the intended protocol. Incorrect URL formatting can prevent the scanner from reaching content and can lead to low-page or zero-page results.

Address security controls early

If your site uses a firewall, Web Application Firewall, bot protection, regional restrictions, security plugins, or hosting-layer filtering, make sure the OneTrust scanner can reach your site. When needed, safelist the OneTrust scanner IP addresses and user agents before running production scans.

Configure authentication only when needed

If important pages require login, configure a supported authentication approach and provide complete login details. Do not add only a login page URL without the credentials and settings needed to complete the flow.

Test small when troubleshooting

If a scan appears stuck or unhealthy, stop it and retry with a very small page limit first. Once the limited test succeeds, rerun the broader scan.

For more information, see Website Scanning Best Practices.

How to interpret website scan results

Overview

The Overview section summarizes what was found in the selected scan. Use it first to understand the size and general shape of the result before drilling into details.



Services

The Services section broadens the analysis beyond cookies to vendor and service activity. This can provide useful context when reviewing tracking technologies across a site.



Cookies

The Cookies section is often the most important place to begin. Review cookie counts, categories, and any Added or Removed values compared to the previous scan.

If a cookie appears as Unknown, it means it has not yet been categorized. Unknown cookies do not appear in the cookie list or preference center until they are categorized.



Forms

The Forms section shows detected form fields and whether they appear to collect personal information. This is primarily informational and can help explain what the scanner saw on a given page.



Pages

The Pages section is one of the most useful troubleshooting tools. It shows which page URLs were actually scanned, the number of cookies found on each page, and whether the page contains a form, policy content, or a login requirement.

If a page does not appear here, the scanner likely did not reach it.



Storage

The Storage section audits local storage objects. It should not be interpreted as a direct map between cookies and storage items.



Initiators

The Initiators section helps explain tag relationships and piggy-back behavior. Use it when you need to understand which tag triggered other tags or where data flow originates.



For more information, see Viewing Scan Results.

Why scan results may differ from expectations

  • The cookie may appear only after a user action.

  • The cookie may appear only in a certain browser or region.

  • The cookie may appear only for logged-in users.

  • The scanner may not have reached the page where the cookie is dropped.

Why one scan may differ from another

  • The website changed between scans.

  • The sitemap, target pages, or scan configuration changed.

  • Security or safelisting conditions changed.

  • The crawl path differed from the previous run.

For more information, see Scanning and Categorization FAQ.

Common troubleshooting scenarios

Cookie list does not match the latest scan results

If your cookie list does not match the latest scan results, work through the following checks in order.

  1. Republish your script after the latest successful scan.

  2. Verify that the relevant cookies are categorized. Unknown cookies do not appear in the cookie list or preference center.

  3. Check whether old Not Found cookies are still assigned to the domain on the Tracking technologies screen. These may still appear in the cookie list even though they do not appear in the latest scan results.

  4. Check whether cookies were added manually. Manually added cookies appear on the Tracking technologies screen and the cookie list, but they do not appear in scan results because they were not detected by the scanner.

It is important to understand that the cookie list is not always a direct mirror of the raw latest scan output. Categorizations and manually maintained records can affect what appears there.

For more information, see Managing and Categorizing Cookies and SDKs.

Scan returns zero pages scanned

If a scan returns zero pages scanned, the most common cause is that security controls are blocking the scanner before it can reach website content.

  1. Safelist the OneTrust scanner IP addresses in your firewall, WAF, or other security tooling.

  2. Safelist the OneTrust scanner user agents.

  3. If available in your environment, enable the unique user agent option so scanner requests can be identified more easily in logs.

  4. Review security logs during a scan attempt to identify blocked requests.

  5. Verify that hosting-layer security, security plugins, or bot defenses are not preventing access.

  6. Contact your hosting provider if you need help implementing the required safelisting.

Scan picks up only one page

If a scan picks up only one page, the issue is usually related to crawlability rather than categorization.

  • Check for blocked requests or incomplete safelisting.

  • Check for forced redirects to a different domain.

  • Check for popups, interstitials, or login barriers that prevent the crawl from progressing.

  • Confirm that target pages and sitemap entries are reachable and correctly formatted.

Scan button is unavailable

If the 'Scan button is unavailable, first confirm that required fields are completed, URLs are formatted correctly, and the user has the necessary permissions.

Scan is in Scan Error

A Scan Error often indicates that crawling completed but result processing failed afterward.

Before escalating, confirm site accessibility from the configured scanner region, verify security access, and retry the scan.

How to use scan status as a diagnostic signal

  • Pending means the scan has been submitted and is waiting to run.

  • Queued means the scan is waiting to begin once other scans have completed.

  • Scanning means the crawler is actively traversing the site and collecting data.

  • Completed means results are ready for review.

  • Failed Login means authentication did not complete successfully.

  • Scan Error means the scan did not complete successfully and needs review.

  • Canceled means a user canceled the scan.

For more information, see Scanning a Website.

Scanning behind authentication



Scanning behind authentication is supported for certain login approaches, but not every login flow can be scanned successfully.

Simple, well-structured login configurations are more likely to succeed. Complex login scenarios may fail, especially if they depend on unsupported patterns such as reCAPTCHA, certificate-based authentication, or other advanced controls.

If a full behind-login crawl is not possible, it may still be acceptable to scan the majority of relevant pages and supplement remaining coverage through targeted review or manual categorization.

For more information, see Scanning Behind Authentication.

Domain and script alignment

Even when scan results look correct, implementation behavior can still be affected if the scanned domain and the implemented script domain do not align.

This can cause consent not to persist correctly and can cause the banner to reappear unexpectedly. When reviewing scan or implementation behavior, confirm that the scan target, published script, and runtime domain strategy are aligned.

For more information, see Scanning a Website and Publishing and Implementing Cookie Consent Scripts.

Mobile app scan interpretation

What happens when a mobile app is added

When a mobile app is added, scanning begins automatically. The app can later be edited, stopped, deleted, or rescanned from the Mobile Apps area.



For more information, see Adding and Scanning Mobile Applications.

What to review first

  • SDK count and category distribution.

  • Permissions, especially dangerous or deprecated Android permissions.

  • Data types being collected by SDKs on Android.

  • Privacy Manifest audit status for supported iOS scans.

How to interpret mobile scan results



The scanner attempts to classify SDKs and permissions automatically. Review these classifications carefully, especially when the same SDK appears under multiple names or aliases.

Existing SDK classifications on the Tracking technologies screen are preserved and are not overwritten by the automated classification system.

For more information, see Viewing and Categorizing Mobile App Consent Scan Results.

Privacy Manifest audit for iOS



For supported iOS scans, review Privacy Manifest audit statuses carefully.

  • Aligned means your app declaration matches the SDK declarations.

  • Mismatched means the data type exists in both places but details differ.

  • Missing means the SDK dependencies declare a data type that is not present in your own declaration.

For more information, see Viewing and Categorizing Mobile App Consent Scan Results.

Android SDK data type analysis



Android SDK data type analysis helps teams understand which SDKs collect which data points and where those calls originate.

Repeated UserId calls or other repeated identifier access patterns may warrant deeper privacy review.

For more information, see Performing SDK Data Type Analysis.

Permissions review



Mobile app permission analysis should focus first on dangerous permissions and other higher-risk permissions that access sensitive user data such as location, contacts, camera, microphone, or storage.

These permissions often require the most attention during privacy and compliance review.

For more information, see Viewing and Categorizing Mobile App Consent Scan Results.

Recommended analysis workflow

  1. Confirm the scan status and timestamp.

  2. Confirm the actual scan scope, including domain strategy, sitemap, target pages, page limit, region, and login settings.

  3. Review the Pages section of the Scan results screen to confirm whether the scanner reached the page in question.

  4. Review Cookies and Tags sections of the Scan results screen for added or removed technologies since the previous scan.

  5. Determine whether the result is consistent with expected scanner behavior, page reachability, login conditions, browser conditions, user-action triggers, or geolocation differences.

  6. If the issue relates to disclosure output, compare scan results against categorizations, manually added records, and script publication state before assuming there is a product defect.

Before contacting support

Before opening a support case, collect the following details.

  • Website or app name.

  • Scan date and timestamp.

  • Current scan status.

  • Whether the issue is website or mobile related.

  • The exact page, path, or app area where the expected result was not seen.

  • Whether the content requires login.

  • Whether scanner IPs and user agents are safelisted.

  • Whether a sitemap and target pages were configured.

  • Whether the script was republished after the latest relevant scan or categorization update.

  • Screenshots or exports from the relevant scan results areas.

Key takeaways

  • Scan results are shaped by scope, accessibility, authentication, security controls, browser behavior, geolocation, and trigger conditions.

  • The Pages section of the Scan results screen is often the fastest way to explain why a customer believes something was missed.

  • Differences between scan results, categorizations, and the Cookie List are often expected and should be analyzed before they are treated as product issues.

  • For mobile apps, start with SDKs, permissions, data types, and Privacy Manifest alignment before investigating individual findings in more detail.